Developments Pertaining to the Characteristics of the Sites of HIV Integration Highlighting its role in Clinical Research and its Future with AI: A Review

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is one of the variants of the retrovirus that integrates into the human genome and affects the human immune system. HIV-1 is the common HIV that is studied. Previous studies have revealed that the HIV integration site plays a key role in the treatment of the fatal disease as it is critical in the latent viral reservoir formation process. This reservoir is the roadblock in the search of a cure to HIV. The whole life cycle of the virus depends on this site. In the clinical studies pertaining to the provirus integration sites, a wealth of data is collected from routine clinical care of HIV patients in the form of medical records to analyze HIV integration targeting to combat the immunity to antiretroviral therapy (ART). A novel futuristic review of the researches done on HIV, particularly on works done to analyse the integration sites, has been presented here. This study concludes that building upon previously collected data and progressing towards improvement by the incorporation of the latest technologies will unravel new information that can help in the betterment of the future prospectives of a breakthrough in the cure of HIV/AIDS.