Multiple watermarking on digital medical images for tamper detection and integrity control

Abstract

In the current digital era, patient data in the form of digital medical images in several hospitals are widely used. There are two important thin to use of digital medical images namely the ownership authority (integrity control) and the authenticity of the image (authentication), because digital medical images are very easily manipulated. To maintain the authority of ownership, it needs robust watermarking techniques in which the embedded data is not easily damaged if the image has been manipulated. Meanwhile, to detect the authenticity of the image, it needs fragile watermarking technique in which the embedded data is easily damaged if the image has been manipulated. In this paper, we implement Reed-Solomon code for robust watermark in wavelet domain and SHA-256 for fragile watermark in Hash Block Chaining. The proposed multiple watermarks can be implemented simultaneously on an image so that the integrity control and authenticity of the image detection can be applied at once.