Kalekie świadectwa. Niepełnosprawność i protesty w Polsce w 2018 i 2020 roku

Natalia Pamuła
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Abstract

Crip Testimonies: Disability and Protests in Poland in 2018 and 2020 Author uses the category of Robert McRuer’s “crip resistance” to think of two waves of disability related protests, which took place in Poland. In 2018 disabled people and their caregivers occupied the Parliament for 40 days to demand higher social security benefits and many people, including those without disabilities, took to the streets to support the protest. In 2020, the Polish Constitutional Tribunal prohibited abortion based on disability status, which caused anger among huge parts of Polish population, including women with disabilities. This article looks at disabled people’s statements made in 2018 in support of the interabled group occupying the Parliament and compares them with disabled women’s voices regarding recent introduction of the ban on abortion based on disability status. I call these five statements made by disabled people “crip testimonies” and analyze how Polish experiences of disability do not fit neatly within Western conceptions of disability developed within disability studies, most prominently, the social and the medical model of disability. In other words, this article pays attention to what is unique about Polish experiences of disability and makes a case for thinking about disability through people’s testimonies, not theories.
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瘸子的证词:2018年和2020年波兰的残疾和抗议作者使用罗伯特·麦克鲁尔的“瘸子抵抗”类别来思考发生在波兰的两波与残疾有关的抗议活动。2018年,残疾人和他们的照顾者占领了议会40天,要求提高社会保障福利,包括非残疾人在内的许多人走上街头支持抗议活动。2020年,波兰宪法法庭禁止基于残疾身份的堕胎,这引起了包括残疾妇女在内的广大波兰人口的愤怒。本文分析了2018年残疾人支持占据议会的残疾人团体的发言,并将其与残疾妇女对最近出台的禁止基于残疾身份的堕胎的声音进行了比较。我把残疾人的这五个陈述称为“蹩脚的证词”,并分析了波兰的残疾经历如何与残疾研究中发展起来的西方残疾概念,最突出的是残疾的社会和医学模式不完全吻合。换句话说,本文关注的是波兰残疾经历的独特之处,并通过人们的证词而不是理论来思考残疾问题。
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