Myco-Chemicals and Teratogenic Activity of Wild Mushroom Trichaleurina celebica from Mt. Palali, Quezon, Nueva Vizcaya, Luzon Island, Philippines

Abstract

Trichaluerina celebica or lateg-lateg among Ilocanos of the Philippines is a wild edible mushroom that grows singly or in clusters on fallen logs. This study determined the embryo-toxic and teratogenic effects of extract of fruiting bodies of T. celebica on the developing zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) embryos and elucidated the secondary metabolites. Extract at 2% or higher concentrations of T. celebica caused 100% mortality rate of zebrafish embryo with coagulation as the most distinct toxic effect. Embryos exposed at 0.5% and 1% concentrations showed delayed hatching process resulting to the presence of abnormalities. The distinct teratogenic effects of T. celebica were tail malformations, delayed growth, and head deformation. The effects were found dependent on the concentration and time of exposure. Further, the fruiting bodies of T. celebica contain alkaloids, fatty acids, triterpenes, sterols, steroids, anthraquinones, anthrones, and steroids. Altogether, T. celebica has promising bioactivities which can be utilized in the nutraceutical or pharmacological industry.