Analysis on the Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Health Literacy of Primary and Secondary School Teachers in Shanghai

Abstract

: Objective: The outbreak of the covid-19 epidemic has increased the attention of the whole society to health. Health literacy is closely related to an individual's health status. While primary and secondary school teachers shoulder the important task of cultivating talents and educating people, it is of great significance to pay attention to their health literacy. The paper investigated the health literacy status and influencing factors of primary and secondary school teachers in Shanghai, analyzed the relationship between their health literacy levels and healthy behavior choices, grasped the needs of primary and secondary school teachers for access to health education and provided reference suggestions for improving the health literacy of primary and secondary school teachers. Methods: Using the cluster sampling method, in October 2020, 637 primary and secondary school teachers from 4 primary schools and 4 middle schools in Shanghai were selected as the study participants, and the general information questionnaires and the health literacy questionnaires were used to get information. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of health literacy among primary and secondary school teachers. Results: The health literacy rate of primary and secondary school teachers in this group was 38.93%. The health knowledge, health skills, and health behaviors rates were 42.23%, 78.49%, and 47.10% respectively. The rate of health skills was higher than that of health knowledge and behavior. The three dimensions possession rates of health knowledge, skills, and behavior were not balanced. Five categories of health issues: scientific health concept, infectious disease prevention, chronic disease prevention, safety and first aid, and basic medical health literacy rates were 74.88%, 85.87%, 69.07%, 94.03%, and 69.07%, respectively. The top three access channels for health information were: Internet, TV broadcasting, books or newspapers and magazines. The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that the satisfaction of health education content and form, gender, and access to health knowledge had an important impact on health literacy (all P<0.05). Conclusions: The health literacy level of primary and secondary school teachers in this group needed to be improved. It was also suggested that schools and the society should strengthen the development of health education, systematically impart health knowledge and skills to primary and secondary school teachers in multiple ways and in various forms, and at the same time, strengthen the monitoring of the health satisfaction of teachers, improve health satisfaction, improve health literacy, and promote health.