{"title":"Co2 Capture: State of the Art","authors":"","doi":"10.31829/2768-0320/chemistry2018-1(1)-e101","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The enhanced CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is directly proportional to the global warming. The atmospheric CO2 concentration is more or less 280 to 400 ppm during pre-industrial era and expected to enlist >500 ppm by 2050 [1,2]. Emission at the current rate would lead the adverse effect in the future could be larger as compared to the last century [3]. World energy consumption will see a 48% increase from 2012 to 2040 and fossil fuel sources will still account for 78% of the world energy consumption in 2040 [3]. The Paris Accord bind countries towards reduction of CO2 emissions by at least 50% are necessary to restrict the global temperature rise to 2°C by 2050[4]. Owing of hefty challenge, it is imperative to reduce CO2 emissions from fossil fuel consumption. Overall cost and the required energy is the bottlenecks towards commercialize the CO2 capture and storage process at large scale. Few technologies for instance physical or chemical solvent scrubbing, [5-7] gas membrane separation, [8-13] pressure swing absorption, [14,15] surface absorption and adsorption, [16-19] metal organic frameworks, [20-27] amine based technology [28] have been applied to the CO2 capture. Owing of the high energy consumption, storage, cost raised concerns towards widespread implementation of carbon capture storage. Recently, ionic liquids (ILs) have been emerging as potential contenders for CO2 capture due to their superior physicochemical characteristics, including low melting point, high thermal stability, adjustable structure, and good recyclability [29,30]. However, the solubility of CO2 in conventional ILs is limited due to the physical absorption. In order to achieve better performance, some special groups (e.g.−NH2, −OH) were introduced to the anion or the action of ILs. The amine-functionalized IL has been chosen as the most promising candidate for CO2 capture.","PeriodicalId":253769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2018-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.31829/2768-0320/chemistry2018-1(1)-e101","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract

The enhanced CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is directly proportional to the global warming. The atmospheric CO2 concentration is more or less 280 to 400 ppm during pre-industrial era and expected to enlist >500 ppm by 2050 [1,2]. Emission at the current rate would lead the adverse effect in the future could be larger as compared to the last century [3]. World energy consumption will see a 48% increase from 2012 to 2040 and fossil fuel sources will still account for 78% of the world energy consumption in 2040 [3]. The Paris Accord bind countries towards reduction of CO2 emissions by at least 50% are necessary to restrict the global temperature rise to 2°C by 2050[4]. Owing of hefty challenge, it is imperative to reduce CO2 emissions from fossil fuel consumption. Overall cost and the required energy is the bottlenecks towards commercialize the CO2 capture and storage process at large scale. Few technologies for instance physical or chemical solvent scrubbing, [5-7] gas membrane separation, [8-13] pressure swing absorption, [14,15] surface absorption and adsorption, [16-19] metal organic frameworks, [20-27] amine based technology [28] have been applied to the CO2 capture. Owing of the high energy consumption, storage, cost raised concerns towards widespread implementation of carbon capture storage. Recently, ionic liquids (ILs) have been emerging as potential contenders for CO2 capture due to their superior physicochemical characteristics, including low melting point, high thermal stability, adjustable structure, and good recyclability [29,30]. However, the solubility of CO2 in conventional ILs is limited due to the physical absorption. In order to achieve better performance, some special groups (e.g.−NH2, −OH) were introduced to the anion or the action of ILs. The amine-functionalized IL has been chosen as the most promising candidate for CO2 capture.
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二氧化碳捕获:最新技术
大气中二氧化碳浓度的增加与全球变暖成正比。在工业化前时代,大气CO2浓度大致为280 - 400ppm,预计到2050年将达到> 500ppm[1,2]。按照目前的排放速度,未来的不利影响可能比上个世纪更大[3]。2012 - 2040年世界能源消费将增长48%,2040年化石燃料仍将占世界能源消费的78%[3]。《巴黎协定》要求各国至少减少50%的二氧化碳排放,以限制到2050年全球气温上升不超过2°C[4]。面对巨大的挑战,减少化石燃料消耗产生的二氧化碳排放势在必行。总体成本和所需能源是实现二氧化碳捕获和封存过程大规模商业化的瓶颈。物理或化学溶剂洗涤、[5-7]气膜分离、[8-13]变压吸收、[14,15]表面吸收和吸附、[16-19]金属有机框架、[20-27]胺基技术[28]等技术很少应用于CO2捕集。由于能源消耗、储存、成本高,引起了对碳捕获储存广泛实施的关注。最近,离子液体(ILs)由于其优越的物理化学特性,包括低熔点、高热稳定性、可调节结构和良好的可回收性,已成为二氧化碳捕集的潜在竞争者[29,30]。然而,由于物理吸收,CO2在常规ILs中的溶解度受到限制。为了获得更好的性能,一些特殊的基团(如- NH2, - OH)被引入到阴离子或ILs的作用中。胺功能化IL被认为是最有前途的CO2捕获候选物。
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