Pediatric Surgical Oncology in Bangladesh: Incidence and Prevalence (Global & Bangladesh)

Abstract

Pediatric surgical oncology is a relatively new and rapidly evolving field. Childhood neoplasia is generally not a public health priority in most developing countries. Although it is rare, pediatric cancer is a leading cause of childhood death in developed countries such as the United States. In the 1960s, almost 25% of global cancer burden was diagnosed in low-income and lower-middle-income countries. In 2010, nearly 55% of the global cancer burden was found in these countries.1 According to estimates from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), there were 12.7 million new cancer cases in 2008 worldwide, of which 5.6 million occurred in developed countries and 7.1 million in developing countries. Total cancer deaths in 2008 were 7.6 million (about 21,000 cancer deaths a day), 2.8 million in developed countries and 4.8 million in developing countries. By 2030, the global burden is expected to grow to 21.4 million new cancer cases and 13.2 million cancer deaths. Almost 9 million (about 70%) of these deaths will be in developing countries. By 2050, at the present growth rate, the chances of contracting cancer in their lifetime for the people living in developing countries will be 50-60%. Worldwide, approximately 10 million people are diagnosed with cancer annually and more than 6 million die of the disease every year; currently, over 22 million people in the world are cancer patients.4,5The cancer rate will increase from 650,000 to 2.2 million per year.4,5 In developed countries like United States, 11,600 new cases of pediatric malignancies are expected to be diagnosed in children aged 0-14 years in 2013. In 2008, GLOBOCAN has estimated that about 1, 48,000 malignancies in children aged 0–14 years occurred in less developed regions like Asia excluding Japan, Africa etc. having a population of 5.5 billion. There PEDIATRIC SURGICAL ONCOLOGY IN BANGLADESH: INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE (GLOBAL & BANGLADESH)