Influence of the Material on Stress Distribution in Aesthetic Monolitic Complete Dental Crowns

Abstract

The development of different materials for the use in posterior areas for aesthetic monolitic crowns has been a challenge in dental technology. The goal of this study was to develop 3D posterior teeth covered with complete aesthetic monolitic crowns and to compare the stress distributions under loads, revealing the effect of various materials on the biomechanical performance of the crowns. For the experimental analyses premolars and molars were chosen in order to simulate the biomechanical behaviour of the teeth restored with complete aesthetic monolitic crowns (zirconia, glass ceramic, composite). A static structural analysis was performed to calculate the stress distribution using the computer-aided engineering software. First principal stresses were recorded in the tooth structures and in the restoration for all these materials. Stresses recorded in the ceramic restorations are direct proportional with the elasticity of the material. Crowns made of materials with high elasticity (composite) show better behaviour for premolars then for molars, compared to ceramic materials. Stress values and distribution results can provide design guidelines for new and varied materials, regarding to the restored teeth.