Assessment of the Сurrent State and Changes Ecological- Socio-Economic Systems of White Sea and Watershed

Abstract

The results of system studies of the environment and socio-economics of the White Sea and the catchment area (Belomorye), obtained mainly from the results of RFBR project No. 18-05-60296, as well as developments under State assignments, are presented. The changes in the economy, social sphere and the environment that have oc- curred during the years of reforms from 1991 to 2019 are determined. The current state of the White Sea watershed has been studied: forests, soils, hydrological features, climate changes, as well as the economy and social sphere. The state and changes of the White Sea ecosystems under possible climate warming are considered. To study the socio-ecological-economic system of the watershed, cognitive models of the White Sea have been developed, which are considered as a tool for synthesizing the heterogeneous information about a complex system. Prognostic estimates of possible changes in the complex system of the region under a different set of economic and natural conditions are obtained.