Simulation on dynamic arc-before process of large current vacuum breaking

Li Jing, Yang Guang, Cui Ziwei, Cao Yundong, Fan Xiaomin
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Abstract

Arc breaking at the function of large current is one of the bottlenecks for the development of vacuum breaker to higher voltage level and it is also the hotspot nowadays. Seen from the reasons of arc igniting and its influencing factors, arc-before process from the contacts separating to stable arc igniting is the base of arc research. Arc-before process model of vacuum circuit breaker is developed here based on gas dynamic equation. Its breaking current is 20kA and clearance is 10mm. Collisions between charged particles and metal vapor and electrodes are considered in the simulation. The physical nature of the sheath and arc column's formation, the space charge densities and their effects on electric field strength before the steady state of arc plasma are simulated here. The simulations in this paper lay the foundations for depth understanding of vacuum arc plasma's formation mechanism and it also improves people's knowledge of arc igniting process which will benefit for exploring effective method to control and quench arc.
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大电流真空分断动态前弧过程仿真
大电流作用下的断弧是制约真空断路器向高电压水平发展的瓶颈之一,也是目前研究的热点。从引弧的原因及其影响因素来看,从触点分离到稳定引弧的前电弧过程是电弧研究的基础。基于气体动力学方程,建立了真空断路器电弧前过程模型。分断电流20kA,间隙10mm。模拟中考虑了带电粒子与金属蒸气和电极之间的碰撞。模拟了电弧等离子体稳态前护套和弧柱形成的物理性质、空间电荷密度及其对电场强度的影响。本文的模拟为深入了解真空电弧等离子体的形成机理奠定了基础,也提高了人们对电弧点燃过程的认识,有利于探索控制和熄灭电弧的有效方法。
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