Non-Steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs

Abstract

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, are among the most often prescribed pain relievers. NSAIDs are a highly successful medicine class for pain and inflammation, but they are also known to cause gastrointestinal bleeding, cardiovascular side effects, and NSAID-induced nephrotoxicity. The pharmacodynamic action of these medicines is predominantly mediated by COX2 inhibition, whereas COX1 inhibition is largely responsible for the unfavourable effects. The activity of (COX-1) and COX2, and thus the synthesis of prostalglandin and thromboxanes, is inhibited by most NSAIDs. Inhibiting COX-2 is thought to have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects, and that NSAIDs that also inhibit COX-1, such as aspirin, may cause gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcers. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetics of NSAIDs as well as the medication class and method of action.