STUDI PEMBUATAN BIOKOMPOSIT DARI LIMBAH TEPUNG Manihot esculenta cranzt DENGAN PENGUAT SERAT BATANG SEMU PISANG

Abstract

yang berfungsi sebagai matriks atau pengisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan limbah pati serat batang semu pisang sebagai bahan baku biokomposit. Pada penelitian ini matriks dibuat dari material biopolimer pati dari ampas singkong, yaitu limbah hasil pengolahan akar tanaman Manihot esculenta crantz dan penguat dari serat batang semu tanaman pisang. Pati dapat diolah menjadi material termoplastik untuk digunakan sebagai bahan bioplastik. Sebagai penguat, digunakan selulosa alami yang diisolasi dari limbah batang semu pisang menggunakan metode solution casting dengan menggunakan variasi gliserol sebagai plasticizer sebesar (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, dan 50%). Biokomposit dibuat dengan menggunakan metode solution casting polymer menggunakan variasi komposisi serat dan film dengan perbandingan ABSTRACT Biocomposites are composite materials derived from biodegradable polymers that can be found in the nature which can be used as a matrix or filler. The purpose of this study was to utilize cassava’s waste and banana stem fiber for the manufacture of biocomposites. In this study, the matrix was made using cassava pulp biopolymer-based material from the processing of the roots of the Manihot esculenta crantz plant. Cassava pulp can be processed into thermoplastic material that can be used as a bioplastic material. As a reinforcement, cellulose natural fiber material is used from the pseudostem of the banana plant using the solution casting method using variations of glycerol as a plasticizer (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) and using various compositions of fiber and film in a ratio (30:70, 40:60, and 50:50). The characterizations carried out on its mechanical properties and hydrophilicity. The test results showed that cassava bagasse can be used as a film with an optimum concentration of glycerol of 40% with a tensile strength value of 0.71 MPa and elongation of 101.04%, and the ability to absorb water of 144.68%. The test results on the biocomposite showed that the addition of banana pseudo-stem fiber to starch with an optimum ratio of fiber and film of 50:50 could increase the tensile strength and absorption with a tensile strength value of 0.71 MPa to 4.62 MPa and absorption from 144.68 to 243.21%.