Could a De Facto State Survive without External Help? The Case of Abkhazia

Abstract

After the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the Georgian–Abkhazian war, Abkhazia proclaimed its independence; however, at that time none of the other states recognised its independence. Following the so-called Russo– Georgian war, Abkhazia was recognised by Russia and soon after by some other states. How did Abkhazians live during the period when the territory was not recognised internationally and how did life change after gaining some recognition? The aim of this article is to answer these questions, to trace changes after international recognition of Abkhazia and to consider future prospects for wider global recognition. The article also analyses Russian–Georgian relations that had a direct impact on Abkhazia. The article consists of six parts, which analyse the reasoning behind Abkhazian justifications for independence, the right to self-determination, analyse in detail the period of time when Abkhazia existed as an unrecognised and isolated state, and also consider the changes that occurred after Abkhazia was recognised by several countries. This paper analyses the legal and geopolitical aspects behind recognition of internationally disputed territories. The significant role of international organisations in supporting peace in the region is discussed, as well as humanitarian aid to Abkhazia during its isolation.