High Throughput Synthesis and Screening of Oxygen Reduction Catalysts in the MTiO3 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) Perovskite Phase Diagram

Abstract

A library of 66 perovskite Ba_xSr_yCa_zTiO₃ (x + y + z = 1) samples (ca. three grams per sample) was made in ca. 14 h using a high-throughput continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis system. The as-synthesized samples were collected from the outlet of the process and then cleaned and freeze-dried before being evaluated individually as oxygen reduction catalysts using a rotating disk electrode testing technique. To establish any correlations between physical and electrochemical characterization data, the as-synthesized samples were investigated using analytical methods including BET surface area, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and in selected cases, transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The aforementioned approach was validated as being able to quickly identify oxygen reduction catalysts from new libraries of electrocatalysts.