ОСНОВНІ НАПРЯМИ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ЩОДО ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ В АПК

Abstract

Modern realities of the Ukrainian economy are characterized by a continuous increase in the role of innovation as a key factor for success in the competition. Innovative way of economic development is an integral part of global scientific and technological progress in the conditions of globalization. Therefore, the question of the state policy on increasing innovation activity in the agroindustrial complex is quite relevant today. The aim of the article is to analyze the main specificity of innovative processes of agroindustrial complex, to highlight the features of the most characteristic features of development, to outline the main directions of the state policy regarding the increase of innovation activity in the agroindustrial complex, and to provide a system of certain state measures to intensify this process. The innovative process in agriculture has its own specificity, due, first of all, to the peculiarities of agroindustrial production. Such features are: • the plurality of types of products and products of its processing, a significant difference in the technologies of their cultivation and production; • significant dependence of agricultural production technologies on the created natural and weather conditions; • a large difference in the production period for certain types of agricultural products and products of its processing; • high degree of territorial dissociation of agricultural production and significant differentiation of separate regions according to production conditions; • Different social level of agricultural workers, which requires much more attention to the training of personnel and their qualification, organization of postgraduate education. Among the most characteristic features of the development of innovative processes in the APC include: • the plurality of forms and connections of agricultural producers with innovative formations; • the isolation of the majority of agricultural producers at all levels: from organizations that produce scientific and technical products to enterprises that implement it; • lack of a clear and organizational and economic mechanism for transferring scientific achievements to commodity producers and, consequently, a significant backlog of the industry for the development of innovations in agro-industrial production. Realization of innovative projects on a permanent basis will promote increase of economic efficiency and decrease of risks. However, in this direction of development there is a negative effect. The introduction of innovative high-tech methods of agricultural activities entails the liberation of low-skilled labor and the growth of the already significant unemployment rate in rural areas. The systematic nature of the implementation of innovative agribusiness projects will increase the number of jobs. Newly created jobs will require workers who have new competencies.