Passado x presente: fatores de risco associados ä saúde mental do adolescente

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Adolescence is characterized by a great psychic fragility resulting from the great instabilities caused by the biopsychosocial changes experienced at this stage of life. This study aimed to identify and compare the socio-cultural risk factors associated with adolescent mental health in a temporal perspective. METHODS: A literature review was conducted between 2001 and 2020 in the following databases: Scielo, Pepsic, LILACS, MEDLINE. The following keywords were used: risk factors, protection factors, mental health, adolescence. RESULTS: It was found that many variables are associated with risk factors that impact the mental health of adolescents. Among the main ones, the various types of violence were highlighted as a factor that can negatively impact the mental health of adolescents. Most of the risk factors identified here, as well as the violence that was pointed out as a risk fact in 2007 and 12 years later, in 2019, continued to be pointed out as a risk factor and is maintained over the years, changing only the circumstances and the means as they permeate the lives of adolescents. CONCLUSION: Knowing the risk factors and protective factors are essential in the formulation of proposals for effective interventions aimed at preventing or mitigating possible mental disorders and psychological suffering in this population.