Inherited Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes in Children

Mehmet Emin Ertunç, Ahmet Genar Çelik, Akif Tahiroğlu, Ekrem Ünal
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Abstract

Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes are disorders of hematopoiesis that are mostly encountered in childhood. Taking the basisfrom genetics, they are characterized by pancytopenia, increased risk of developing myelodysplastic syndrome and malignancy.Extrahematopoietic presentations are observed often in addition to symptoms related to defective hematopoiesis (also known asbone marrow failure). The biology, clinical features, and management of the main syndromes such as Fanconi anemia, dyskeratosiscongenita, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, andsevere congenital neutropenia are briefly summarized in this review.
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儿童遗传性骨髓衰竭综合征
遗传性骨髓衰竭综合征是一种多见于儿童期的造血功能障碍。从遗传学的角度来看,他们的特点是全血细胞减少,发生骨髓增生异常综合征和恶性肿瘤的风险增加。除了与造血功能缺陷(也称为骨髓衰竭)相关的症状外,还经常观察到造血外的表现。本文就Fanconi贫血、先天性角化不良、Shwachman-Diamond综合征、先天性无核细胞性血小板减少症、Diamond-Blackfan贫血、严重先天性中性粒细胞减少症等主要综合征的生物学、临床特点及治疗进行综述。
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