{"title":"FORMULASI EPISTEMOLOGI FRANCIS BACON DAN RENE DESCARTES DALAM TRADISI KEILMUAN ISLAM","authors":"Ach. Tijani","doi":"10.24260/AL-HIKMAH.V12I2.1170","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Islam and the West are two sivilizations which that seem to be on two sides facing each other. The West represents the progress while Islam represents the lagging. Even though, these symptoms cannot be categorized in black and white, but the Western power in dominating science, technology and politics is an indicator of progress, while Islam is in a stagnant line following the control of Western domination. This study starts from the awareness in rethinking on the epistemological context of science in Islam and at the same time comparing it with the initial starting point of progress in the West by two pioneers of Western philosophers, Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes. Through a philosophical study it was found that the scientific epistemology of Islam must shift from mere study of the text (bayani), proof of the text (burhani) and deep appreciation of the text (irfani) to cosmological studies as objects of knowledge through empirical phenomena and potential awareness of ratio. \n \nIslam dan Barat adalah dua peradaban yang seakan berada pada dua sisi yang berhadap-hadapan. Barat merepresentasikan kemajuan sementara Islam merepresentasikan ketertinggalan. Gejala tersebut walau tidak dapat dikategorikan secara hitam-putih, namun kedigdayaan Barat dalam mendominasi ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan politik setidaknya menjadi indikator dari sebuah kemajuan. Kajian ini bertolak dari kesadaran tersebut dalam melihat kembali konteks epistemologis keilmuan dalam Islam dan sekaligus membandingkannya dengan titik tolak awal kemajuan di Barat oleh dua pelopor filsuf Barat yaitu Francis Bacon dan Rene Descartes. Melalui telaah filosofis ditemukan bahwa epistemologi keilmuan Islam harus bergeser dari sekedar telaah teks (bayani), pembuktian teks (burhani) dan pengahayatan teks (‘irfani) pada kajian kosmologis sebagai obyek pengetahuanmelalui fenomena empiris dan potensi kesadaran rasio. \n \nKata Kunci: Ilmu, epistemologi, teks, konteks","PeriodicalId":178799,"journal":{"name":"Al-Hikmah","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Al-Hikmah","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.24260/AL-HIKMAH.V12I2.1170","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Islam and the West are two sivilizations which that seem to be on two sides facing each other. The West represents the progress while Islam represents the lagging. Even though, these symptoms cannot be categorized in black and white, but the Western power in dominating science, technology and politics is an indicator of progress, while Islam is in a stagnant line following the control of Western domination. This study starts from the awareness in rethinking on the epistemological context of science in Islam and at the same time comparing it with the initial starting point of progress in the West by two pioneers of Western philosophers, Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes. Through a philosophical study it was found that the scientific epistemology of Islam must shift from mere study of the text (bayani), proof of the text (burhani) and deep appreciation of the text (irfani) to cosmological studies as objects of knowledge through empirical phenomena and potential awareness of ratio.
Islam dan Barat adalah dua peradaban yang seakan berada pada dua sisi yang berhadap-hadapan. Barat merepresentasikan kemajuan sementara Islam merepresentasikan ketertinggalan. Gejala tersebut walau tidak dapat dikategorikan secara hitam-putih, namun kedigdayaan Barat dalam mendominasi ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan politik setidaknya menjadi indikator dari sebuah kemajuan. Kajian ini bertolak dari kesadaran tersebut dalam melihat kembali konteks epistemologis keilmuan dalam Islam dan sekaligus membandingkannya dengan titik tolak awal kemajuan di Barat oleh dua pelopor filsuf Barat yaitu Francis Bacon dan Rene Descartes. Melalui telaah filosofis ditemukan bahwa epistemologi keilmuan Islam harus bergeser dari sekedar telaah teks (bayani), pembuktian teks (burhani) dan pengahayatan teks (‘irfani) pada kajian kosmologis sebagai obyek pengetahuanmelalui fenomena empiris dan potensi kesadaran rasio.
Kata Kunci: Ilmu, epistemologi, teks, konteks
伊斯兰和西方是两种文明,这两种文明似乎处于对立的两面。西方代表进步,而伊斯兰教代表落后。虽然这些症状不能用非黑即白来区分,但西方力量在科学、技术和政治上的统治是进步的标志,而伊斯兰教在西方统治的控制下处于停滞状态。本研究从伊斯兰教对科学认识论语境的反思意识出发,同时将其与西方两位哲学家先驱培根和笛卡尔的科学进步的初始起点进行比较。通过哲学研究发现,伊斯兰教的科学认识论必须从单纯的文本研究(bayani),文本的证明(burhani)和文本的深刻欣赏(irfani)转变为通过经验现象和潜在的比例意识作为知识对象的宇宙学研究。伊斯兰教dan Barat adalah dua peradaban yang seakan beradah pada dua sisi yang berhadap- haapan。伊斯兰教代表亚洲人。技术与政治:技术与政治:技术与政治:技术与政治:指标:技术与政治:指标:技术与政治:指标:技术与政治:指标:技术与政治:指标:指标:在认识论方面,我认为这是一个很好的例子。在认识论方面,我认为这是一个很好的例子。我认为这是一个很好的例子。在认识论上,我们有两种说法,一种说法是,我们有两种说法,一种是,我们有两种说法,一种是,我们有两种说法,一种是,我们有两种说法,一种是,我们有两种说法,一种是,我们有两种说法。Kata Kunci: Ilmu,认识论,teks, kontek