The secondary prevention of myocardial infarction by drug treatment; excluding lipid lowering agents.

Abstract

About 10% of survivors of an acute myocardial infarction will die in the following year. Thereafter the risk declines but reinfarction is still an important cause of mortality and morbidity. The post infarction trials have clearly shown that the best proven agents to mitigate this toll are aspirin, beta adrenoceptor blockers, and verapamil (but not other calcium blockers, except diltiazem for non Q wave infarction). In the context of hypertension treatment these post infarction trials may have important lessons for drug selection and ancillary treatment since the majority of subjects will ultimately die of ischaemic heart disease. Although the newer agents such as ACE and renin inhibitors, newer calcium channel blockers and alpha blockers have many promising properties in terms of risk factor reduction, no convincing mortality data exists; it is needed. This review will deal with the known effects (both good and bad) of antihypertensive agents and will also review other drug strategies relevant to the hypertensive patient. It will also point out large areas of ignorance.