The Effect of Pre-Procedure Teaching Module for Patients Undergoing Shock Wave Lithotripsy on Anxiety, Claustrophobia, Pain Perception and Urolithiasis Clearance

Abstract

Background: Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is the best choice treatment for renal stone. Aim of the study is to test the effect of pre-procedure teaching module for patients undergoing SWL on patients' anxiety, claustrophobia and pain perception, and stone clearance. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was utilized in this study, setting: The study was conducted in SWL unit at Prince Mutaib Bin Abelaziz Central Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Sample: A convenience sample consisted of 74 patients they divided equally into study and control groups. Tools: (1) An interviewing questionnaire sheet which included two parts; A) demographic and medical data and B) patients' knowledge questionnaire, (2) Beck Anxiety Inventory, (3) Numerical pain rating scale and (3) Visual analogue scale for claustrophobia. Results: Before receiving pre-procedure teaching module 100% of patients in both groups had poor level of knowledge. After receiving teaching; the study group had significant improvement in their knowledge, decrease in anxiety, claustrophobia and postoperative pain scores as well as an increase in rate of successful treatment and stone clearance than the control group (p <0.05). Conclusions: Overall results revealed that pre-procedure teaching for patients experiencing SWL procedure Led to improvement of patients' knowledge and reduction of anxiety, claustrophobia and pain scores after procedure as well as an increase in rate of successful treatment and urolithiasis clearance in the study group than the control group. Recommendations, planned teaching and simple Arabic booklet about SWL, preoperative instructions, post-procedure management, nutritional habits and life style modifications should be provided to patients before SWL.