Valoración de la escorrentía de las colinas de la ciudad de Portoviejo

Abstract

Portoviejo, capital of the province of Manabí, founded on March 12, 1535, is one of the oldest cities on the Ecuadorian coast. It is characterized by a stable temperate climate with an annual average temperature of around 24⁰C. The average rainfall for the years 2000 to 2009 is 596.20 mm per year, the wettest years are 2000 with 733 mm and 2008 with 823 mm; while the driest are 2001, 2003, and 2009 with rainfall below 500 mm. Maximum precipitation values ​​in 1997 and 1998 for the El Niño phenomenon. The city is located in a valley, whose average elevation has been estimated at 40.00 meters above sea level, and in the northeast and southwest areas it is limited by hills whose maximum levels oscillate between 250 ~ 300 meters above sea level. The parishes of Progreso, Pacheco, San Pablo and Briones are located in the lower part of the hills of the northeast sector. During the rainy season they experience landslide problems, with consequent flooding due to surface runoff and water erosion. zone. For the control of runoff there is a sewer system, which is insufficient, since the lower area is flooded, causing year-to-year urban problems of vehicular and human traffic, in addition to material losses. With the purpose of contributing with design elements that allow to diagnose the current situation of the runoff and its control works, in the present work, based on the methodology proposed by the Soil Conservation Service of the United States (Soil Conservation Service - SCS), complemented with the techniques of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), runoff was estimated by sector for return periods 2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 years. Index Terms — Hydrology, rainfall, return periods, climate change, runoff control