A Combined X-Ray CT and Mechanistic Characterization of Bearing Failure Mechanisms in Bolted Composite Components

J. Lua, Ethan Fulghum, Xiaodong Cui, Jian Xiao, S. Kariyawasam, C. Saathoff
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Abstract

This paper presents the characterization of bearing failure mechanisms in composite joints with countersunk bolt by applying an X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) technique and a developed bearing failure model to build the physical mechanisms into the framework of continuum damage mechanics (CDM) in our composite bolted and bonded analysis tool for Abaqus (CB2ATA). The high-fidelity XCT was explored for the detection and characterization of bearing failure in bolted composite components without removing the fastener, which could introduce significant scatter in XCT scan due to its high density, compared with lightweight carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite laminates. A static bearing model was also developed for the damaged material response in the bearing region based on a micromechanics analysis in the longitudinal and transverse directions. In this study, single shear bearing (SSB) tests was firstly executed with XCT scan, and then progressive failure analyses were performed to explore the effects of bolt failure on the interaction of the intra- and inter-ply damages. The predicted load-displacement response was compared with experimental measurement, and the simulated failure patterns were compared with the XCT images. A new design was proposed using the enhanced analysis tool to achieve a dominant bearing failure mechanism on the basis of the current SSB test.
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结合x射线CT和螺栓复合材料构件轴承失效机制的力学表征
在Abaqus (CB2ATA)复合螺栓粘结分析工具中,采用x射线计算机断层扫描(XCT)技术和建立的轴承破坏模型,对沉头螺栓复合材料接头的承载破坏机制进行了表征,并将其物理机制建立在连续损伤力学(CDM)框架中。在不移除紧固件的情况下,高保真度XCT可以检测和表征螺栓复合材料部件的轴承故障。与轻质碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)复合材料层压板相比,由于XCT密度高,可能会导致扫描中出现明显的散射。在纵向和横向细观力学分析的基础上,建立了承载区域损伤材料响应的静态承载模型。本研究首先通过XCT扫描进行单轴剪切(SSB)试验,然后进行渐进式破坏分析,探讨锚杆破坏对层内和层间损伤相互作用的影响。将预测的荷载-位移响应与实验测量结果进行了比较,并将模拟的破坏模式与XCT图像进行了比较。在现有SSB试验的基础上,提出了一种新的设计方法,利用增强的分析工具来实现轴承的主导失效机制。
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