An efficient protocol for reducing channel interference and access delay in CRNs

Abstract

The evolution of various wireless devices had made a significant impact of the wireless communication in which the spectrum usage is crowded and then the Cognitive radio Networks (CRNs) is one of the approach to use the unused spectrum for the secondary users (SUs) without disturbing the access of the primary users (PUS). In this regard the routing in CRNs plays a vital role in which the energy needs to save in routing and reduce the channel interference when the primary user interrupts the access needs to be allowed in this case the spectrum holes become useful in case of the secondary or unlicensed users. The best available spectrum hole is to be detected and is to be utilized by the secondary user. The sudden appearance of the primary user may lead to the necessity of an alternate path, resulting in delay in routing or in some cases leads to link failure and requires re-routing. The proposed system undertakes the routing process based on the overall delay and the load maintained at each node as the metric. An effective routing algorithm for a multi-hop cognitive radio network is proposed based on energy detective sensing and routing decision is being made based on the channel quality indicator.