La reconversion des friches polluées au service du renouvellement urbain : enseignements technico-économiques

Abstract

Since 2010, the French Agency for Environment and Energy Management (ADEME) contributes to urban renewal by supporting brownfield redevelopment towards the creation of housings, economic activities and public equipment. Thus, ADEME financially supported 102 projects during the 2010-2016 period. Which technical and economic outcomes can we pull from these operations on both remediation and land management aspects? What are the impacts of those projects on local area? Can useful conclusions be draw to land management actors? The review conducted by ADEME in 2018 aimed at answer such issues. The main outcomes, quoted below, strengthen the interest of such public support:  The review was focused on a panel of 95 cases that represents 492 hectares of brownfields, of which 90 were remediated, a remediation costs of 217M€ (of which 38 M€ were funded by ADEME. The redevelopment projects on this panel are aimed at the construction of 2.8 millions square meters of building floor surface, and 23000 housings (of which 38% are social housings). 58% are land management operations, 37% real estate operations and 5% aim at public equipment construction;  There is a clear distinction between the technical and economic characteristics of land management operations and real estate ones;  The cost of remediation is significant in the economic balance of the operation;  Invest in remediation pre-studies helps to control remediation works risks;  Environmental-friendly remediation techniques (on site on in situ) grow over time;  The impacts of brownfield redevelopment (benefits and externalities) are difficult to quantify, opening perspectives of improvement of knowledge;  11 operations that can serve as example have been identifies and lead to dedicated fact sheets to each of them, available on line https://www.ademe.fr/reconversion-friches-polluees-servicerenouvellement-urbain-enseignements-technico-economiques. Recommendations are proposed and integrated into the new ADEME call for projects “remediation for brownfield redevelopment” 2019 available online https://appelsaprojets.ademe.fr/aap/FRICHES2019-9.