Dodging the Literary Undertaker – Biographic Metafiction in Hanif Kureishi’s The Last Word

P. Chalupský
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Abstract

Abstract Hanif Kureishi’s 2014 novel, The Last Word, involves most of the author’s idiosyncratic themes, such as ethnicity, racism, sexual identity, examination of interpersonal relationships and the crucial role of the creative imagination in human life. Its focal concern, however, is to explore the process of writing a literary biography of a living person and the character and dynamics of the relationship between the biographer and his subject - a writer. As such, the novel can be taken as being representative of biographic metafiction, a subcategory of historiographic metafiction, which, following the postmodernist questioning of our ability to know and textually represent historical truth, presents biographic writing critically or even mockingly, rendering its enthusiastic practitioners’ efforts with ironic scepticism. The aim of this article is to present The Last Word as a particular example of biographic metafiction that has all the crucial features of this genre, yet which differs from its predecessors through the complexity and thoroughness of its portrayal of the biographer-biographee relationship.
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躲避文学承担者——黑石哈尼夫《最后的话语》中的传记性元小说
哈尼夫·库雷什(Hanif Kureishi) 2014年出版的小说《最后的话》(The Last Word)涉及了作者的大部分特殊主题,如种族、种族主义、性别认同、对人际关系的审视以及创造性想象力在人类生活中的关键作用。然而,它的重点是探索为一个活着的人写传记的过程,以及传记作者和他的主题——作家——之间的特征和动态关系。因此,这部小说可以被视为传记元小说的代表,传记元小说是历史元小说的一个子类,它遵循后现代主义对我们认识和文本表现历史真相的能力的质疑,批判甚至嘲弄地呈现传记写作,使其热情的实践者的努力具有讽刺的怀疑主义。本文的目的是将《最后的话语》作为传记元小说的一个特殊例子来呈现,它具有传记元小说的所有重要特征,但它不同于以往的传记元小说,因为它对传记作者与传记作者之间关系的刻画复杂而彻底。
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