Frequency and outcomes of mechanical ventilation in the pediatric ICU of Assiut University Children Hospital

Abstract

Background and aim Mechanical ventilation (MV) is one of the most often carried out procedures in pediatric ICU. There are multiple indications of MV. The diseased state, infrastructure, and hospital protocols all influence different management options. Although there is no question that MV has many advantages, it can also be harmful when used. To enhance management procedures and outcomes, this study evaluated the frequency, indications, complications, and immediate outcomes of children receiving MV. Patients and methods A prospective study of children (1 month to 18 years) needing invasive MV in pediatric ICU was conducted. MV was performed after evaluation of its indication. Complications and outcome were monitored. Results Of 561 patients admitted to the pediatric ICU, 283 (50.4%) required MV. The most common cause of admission to pediatric ICU was respiratory system diseases (46.3%). The most frequent indication of MV was respiratory failure (38.2%). Of the 283 patients who required MV, 60 (21.2%) had complications. The commonest complication was ventilator-associated pneumonia (5.3%). The mortality rate of mechanically ventilated children was 53.7%. There was higher mortality in patients admitted with gastrointestinal tract system diseases (65.9%). Conclusion The commonest cause of admission to pediatric ICU was respiratory system diseases. The commonest indication of connection to MV was respiratory failure. The most common complication of MV was ventilator-associated pneumonia. Several factors affect the outcomes of mechanical ventilation. These factors were age, sex, and etiology of admission to pediatric ICU.