Online Media Use of False News to Frame the 2016 Trump Presidential Campaign

A. Chatfield, C. Reddick, K. Choi
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引用次数: 9

Abstract

The 2016 U.S. presidential election campaigns witnessed an unprecedented viral false news -- a type of misinformation referred to as "factitious information blend" that is motivated to discredit political rivals. Despite the different speculations of factors that might have influenced Donald Trump's surprised victory, empirical and theoretical research on the potential impacts of false news propagated by online news media during election campaigns on influencing voters' attitudes and public opinion is seriously lacking. By drawing on the literature on framing political-effects research and by developing our computational text analytics programs, we addressed questions regarding how online news media used false news to negatively frame the Trump presidential campaign. Our text analytics results indicate that although the negative frames against Trump far outnumbered those against Hillary Clinton, weak frames of unverifiable misinformation might have failed to influence the mass audience, leaving them to the power of Trump's direct political communications via Twitter.
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网络媒体利用假新闻诬陷2016年特朗普总统竞选
2016年美国总统大选期间,出现了前所未有的假新闻,这种假新闻被称为“虚假信息混合”,目的是抹黑政治对手。尽管对唐纳德·特朗普意外获胜的可能影响因素有不同的猜测,但关于网络新闻媒体在竞选期间传播的虚假新闻对影响选民态度和民意的潜在影响的实证和理论研究严重缺乏。通过借鉴关于构建政治效应研究的文献,并通过开发我们的计算文本分析程序,我们解决了有关在线新闻媒体如何使用虚假新闻来负面构建特朗普总统竞选活动的问题。我们的文本分析结果表明,尽管对特朗普的负面框架远远超过对希拉里·克林顿的负面框架,但无法核实的错误信息的薄弱框架可能无法影响大众受众,让他们依靠特朗普通过Twitter直接进行政治传播的力量。
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