Surgical experience of surfer's ear (external auditory canal exostosis)

Abstract

s ear （ and no patients had complications due to the surgery. The detailed surgical technique of a representative case is described. During bone removal of the obstructive external ear canal, the temporomandibular joint, mastoid air cells, and facial nerve are all at risk for injury. Especially, the course of the facial nerve is reported to be quite variable with respect to the annulus, therefore, a literature-based review of the surgical procedure is discussed in order to minimize exostectomy complications.