Nation and race in the twentieth century scientific discourse on Viking Age runestones

Abstract

The boom for researching runestone inscriptions in the early twentieth century coincided with a renewed romantic and often nationalistic interest in the Viking Age. This study investigates how a passage of the most famous runestone inscription, the Rök Runestone, was interpreted as a reference to the Ostrogoth emperor Theodoric the Great. It focuses on the work of two linguists, Otto Höfler (1901–1987) and Elias Wessén (1889–1981), who engaged in a three-decade-long debate on this issue. The analysis unfolds a discursive tension between race and nation in the legitimisation of the supposed Gothic connection.