Smart energy management in distribution networks with increasing number of electric vehicles

Abstract

Electric vehicles have lower specific energy consumption while driving, reducing in this way the environment pollution and the costs with transportation. In recent years the number of this type of vehicles has increased dramatically around the world. While parked these vehicles consume electricity from the grid to charge their batteries, as defined in literature G2V (Grid to Vehicle). At the same time there is a possibility to use the batteries inside the vehicle as a distributed storage capacity, and when it is needed to inject electric energy into the grid (V2G). A big number of these vehicles are going to have an influence on distribution networks. The success of this technology increases if there is cheap electric energy available on the market. This paper studies the influences of a big number of electric vehicles over a LV distribution network and proposes an energy management algorithm to reduce the influences of electric vehicles over the grid.