Strategic Human Capital: Approaches & Models for Achieving Organizational Long-term Competitiveness and Sustainability

Abstract

This article explores the theories and major focuses of Human Capital (HC), a new label for strategic HR as compared to conventional, none strategic, approaches in this field. The paper looks at HC‘s conceptual framework by making reference to a few major studies; laying down the foundation of strategic HR/HC as how it relates to gaining and sustaining competitive advantage for the organization, and how HC can ultimately turn the organization into a high performance system. Two major features of strategic HR/HC, the human resource development and performance management, as distinctive features of strategic versus non-strategic approach in this field, will be addressed in details as well a few high performance models like Balance Score Card, high performance model, and strategic map. Conclusion, based on cited studies will present how each referenced study came up with their own findings on major HC dimensions.