Mass Erosion And Surface Voltage Holdoff Recovery Of High Current, High Vacuum Surface Discharge Switch Insulators

Twenty-First International Power Modulator Symposium, Conference Pub Date : 1994-06-27 DOI:10.1109/MODSYM.1994.597100

T. Engel, S. L. Wester, M. Kristiansen, L. Hatfield

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Abstract

A high current discharge across the surface of an insulator in high vacuum is investigated. The mass erosion of the insulator and its surface voltage holdoff recovery are the two most important parameters of this investigation. Typically, the discharge current reaches 350 kA peak with a pulse length of 60 p (i.e., 5 periods of a damped sinusoidal pulse). The vacuum level is maintained at lo6 Torr. The insulator materials tested include a variety of polymeric (i.e., polyethylene, nylon, epoxy-fiberglass composites, and polyurethane) and ceramic (alumina, silicon nitride, and zirconia) insulators. Insulator mass erosion and surface voltage holdoff recovery versus electrode material has also been investigated. The electrode materials used include stainless steel, molybdenum, copper, copper-tungsten, brass, aluminum, and lead. Insulator materials that have low mass erosion and good surface voltage holdoff recovery have potential applications in high power vacuum switches. Breakdown voltage histories and mass erosion data were obtained for the plastics, but only breakdown voltages were obtained for the ceramics.

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大电流、高真空表面放电开关绝缘子的质量侵蚀和表面电压保持恢复

研究了高真空条件下绝缘子表面的大电流放电现象。绝缘子的质量侵蚀和表面电压保持恢复是本研究的两个最重要的参数。通常，放电电流达到350ka峰值，脉冲长度为60p(即5个周期的阻尼正弦脉冲)。真空度保持在lo6托。测试的绝缘体材料包括各种聚合物(即聚乙烯、尼龙、环氧玻璃纤维复合材料和聚氨酯)和陶瓷(氧化铝、氮化硅和氧化锆)绝缘体。还研究了绝缘子质量侵蚀和表面电压保持恢复与电极材料的关系。所用的电极材料包括不锈钢、钼、铜、铜钨、黄铜、铝和铅。具有低质量侵蚀和良好表面电压保持恢复性能的绝缘子材料在大功率真空开关中具有潜在的应用前景。得到了塑料的击穿电压历史和质量侵蚀数据，但只得到了陶瓷的击穿电压。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Twenty-First International Power Modulator Symposium, Conference

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