MANIFESTASI HEGEMONI TANDINGAN MELALUI KISAH PERJALANAN PEREMPUAN AFRO-AMERIKA DALAM KARYA FILM NONFIKSI

Abstract

Both, in terms of media and cultural studies, some negative sterotypes of black peoplealong with its specific term of Angry Black Woman (ABW),has clearly shown that Afro-American people and their actionsare being subjectively considered as the forms ofsocial deviance. „What Happened, Miss Simone?‟, a biographical documentary fllm,depicts a nonfictionalstory about a word-class jazz musician, Nina Simone, who wasalso an Afro-American woman and one of the most impactful activists in the era of CivilRights Movement from 1954 to 1968. This research focuses on the counter-hegemonymanifestation of Nina Simone‟s role and her journey stories through the nonfiction film.By using twelve stages of Christopher Vogler‟s narrative analysis method: i.e. OrdinaryWorld; Call to Adventure (Inciting Incident); Refusal of the Call; Meeting with theMentor; Crossing the Threshold; Test, Allies, Enemies; Approach to the Inmost Cave;Central Ordeal (Midpoint, Death, and Rebirth); Reward; The Road Back; TheResurrection (Climax); and Return with the Elixir (Denouement), this research hasproved that an Afro-American woman on the nonfiction film can be successfullyrepresented as an organic intellectual alongside with its war of position in order tooppose the hegemonic power of the invisibility and neutrality of white people on the filmindustry, which is always being accepted as a fairness doctrine.However, theambivalence and the ambiguity of Nina‟s nonfictional role and story simultaneouslydemonstrate its binary opposition of black people and its inadequacy to defy ahegemonic power of white supremacy through the visual masterpiece.Keywords: Afro-America, documentary film, counter-hegemony, narrative, stereotype