Construction of National Ideologies in Narratives of Pakistani National Heroes in English Language Textbooks at Higher Secondary level in Sindh, Pakistan

Abstract

Textbook is not as it being to read out but too instill values, ethics and standards of society specified within the educational modules. Essentially, the educational programs of Pakistani educational programs are largely constructed on the celebration of history which is instructed in several subjects like, Islamiat, Social Studies, Pakistan Studies, history and languages. Such textbooks are being utilized as an instrument to proliferate and propagate national heroes whereas speaking to stories of Pakistani national figures. These top class personalities (heroes) carry certain covered up and expecting philosophies and ideologies. The point of this investigation is to investigate the aiming and covering up the belief systems carried by Narratives of Pakistani National Heroes in English Language Textbooks at Higher Secondary level in Sindh, Pakistan endorsed by Sindh Textbook Board. Besides this, paper also examines the distinctive features such as identity, ideology, theme, author’s objectivity and construction of certain ideas which are hidden behind the representation of national heroes. They promote the ideologies of Islam, nationalism, fundamental division of the Muslims and Hindus, patriotism and anti-India that can make young learners nationalist, religious and militaristic. These themes and ideologies can cause exploitation and manipulation of religious, misrepresentation of reality, misinterpretation of different facts, strengthening of various practices and so on. For this research study, the qualitative method was applied. TA (textual analysis) was the method which is applied in such types of research works. We applied Foucault Social Constructive Model as a systematic model to explore the intended and unknown ideologies that have been propagated and promoted by the Pakistani national heroes.