A review on plastic bioaccumulation, potential health effects and the potential to enhance biotransformation using herbal medicine and nutritional supplements

Abstract

Abbreviations: Acetyl-CoA; acetyl coenzyme A, ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; BPA, Bisphenol A; BBB, blood–brain barrier; CDG, Caclium D-Glucarate; CAT, catalase; CDC, centers for disease control and prevention; CD, cluster of differentiation; CoA, coenzyme A; CAM, complementary and alternative medicine; CuZn-SOD, copper-zinc SOD; CYP450, Cytochrome P450; DDT, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; DINP, diisononyl phthalate; DIDP, Diisodecyl phthalate; EDCs, Endocrine disrupting chemicals; FSAI, Food Safety Authority of Ireland; Glutathione; GSH, glutathione peroxidase; GPx, GR, Glutathione reductase; GST, glutathione s-transferase; GST family, glutathione s-transferases; GMIT, galwaymayo institute of technology; GnRH, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone; HSE, Health Service Executive; HPA, hypothalamicpituitary axis; LGBTQI, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning and intersex; bZIP, leucine zipper; Mn-SOD, Manganese SOD; MFO, mixed-function oxidase enzyme; NAC, N-acetylcysteine; NHANES, national health and nutrition examination survey; NATs, N-terminal acetyltransferases; NDDs, neurodevelopmental disorders; NDGs, neurodegenerative diseases; Nrf2, Nuclear factorerythroid-2-related factor 2; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; POPs, Persistent organic pollutants; PTS, persistent toxic substances; PAHs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; PCBs, polychlorinated biphenyls; PETE, Polyethylene terephthalate; SAM-e, S-adenosyl-