Assessing the Challenge of Settlement in Budalangi and Yala Swamp Area in Western Kenya Using Landsat Satellite Imagery

S. Onywere, Z. Getenga, S. Mwakalila, C. Twesigye, J. K. Nakiranda
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引用次数: 19

Abstract

The Budalangi area of Kenya exhibits high levels of rural poverty despite its natural resources potential and favourable climate. The area was mapped using multi-temporal remote sensing image data from 1973 to 2009 and participatory data collection. Floods are a recurrent environmental hazard and impede access to environmental resources and agricultural production. The physical setting of Budalangi at the floodplain of Nzoia River and increased runoff from degraded catchments are contributory factors to the flooding. Floods lead to disruption of human settlements and destruction of crops, shelter, dykes and infrastructural facilities. Disease outbreaks also increase due to destruction of sanitation facilities and relocation of settlements in makeshift camps. This implies that the policy measures that have been instituted by the government to mitigate the problem have had dismal impact in the Budalangi and Yala Swamp area. The degradation of the catchment is reflected in its sediment loading and deposition into Lake Victoria which has seen the morphology of the coastline at the mouth of Nzoia River and the aerial coverage by water in the lake change over the years. The overall loss in the area under Yala Swamp is 54 Kmfrom 186 Kmin 1973 to 132 Kmin 2009. The encroachment has significant implication on the wellbeing of the Yala Swamp and the Nzoia Floodplain ecosystem. The study therefore underscores the need to evolve an integrated watershed management plan for effective management of Budalangi and Yala Swamp area and the region in general.
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利用陆地卫星图像评估肯尼亚西部Budalangi和Yala沼泽地区定居的挑战
肯尼亚的布达兰吉地区尽管拥有潜在的自然资源和有利的气候,但农村贫困程度很高。利用1973 - 2009年的多时相遥感影像数据和参与式数据采集对该区域进行了制图。洪水是一种经常性的环境灾害,妨碍人们获得环境资源和农业生产。Budalangi位于Nzoia河洪泛区的地理位置以及退化的集水区径流增加是造成洪水的因素。洪水破坏了人类住区,毁坏了庄稼、住所、堤坝和基础设施。由于卫生设施遭到破坏和在临时营地重新安置定居点,疾病爆发也有所增加。这意味着政府为缓解这一问题而制定的政策措施在Budalangi和Yala沼泽地区产生了令人沮丧的影响。集水区的退化反映在其沉积物装载和沉积到维多利亚湖上,这已经看到了Nzoia河口的海岸线形态和湖泊中水的空中覆盖多年来的变化。从1973年的186平方公里到2009年的132平方公里,雅拉沼泽地区的总体损失为54平方公里。这种侵蚀对雅拉沼泽和Nzoia洪泛平原生态系统的健康产生了重大影响。因此,该研究强调有必要制定一项综合流域管理计划,以有效管理布达兰吉和雅拉沼泽地区以及整个地区。
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