Elaboration et test d’indicateurs de suivi des initiatives locales de gestion intégrée du littoral méditerranéen

Abstract

L’evaluation des politiques publiques appliquees a la gestion du littoral releve d’approches relativement recentes. La directive europeenne sur l’evaluation strategique environnementale (ESE) a ete transposee en droit francais en 2001, au cours de laquelle le legislateur a insiste sur la necessite de disposer d’outils destines a evaluer des demarches de gestion. Cet article aborde ce sujet en presentant le developpement d’une methode d’evaluation des dynamiques de gestion sur le littoral. Cette methode prend appui sur les differentes dimensions de l’integration a laquelle recourt la gestion integree des zones cotieres. Ainsi, les six indicateurs qui la caracterisent renseignent sur (i) l’approche multi-usage, (ii) la coordination inter-institutionnelle, (iii) l’utilisation a bon escient des connaissances, (iv) l’approche multi-echelle, (v) la participation des acteurs et (vi) la prise en compte de la durabilite. L’approche methodologique ainsi adoptee a ete testee sur cinq sites du littoral mediterraneen francais, aupres de cinq groupes d’acteurs representant (i) les services de l’Etat, (ii) les gestionnaires locaux, (iii) les professionnels du secteur prive, (iv) la societe civile et (v) les experts scientifiques. Translated version: Elaboration and test of indicators for monitoring the local Mediterranean coast initiatives concerning integrated manageme The evaluation of public policies applied to shoreline management is a relatively new approach. The European Directive of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) was transposed into French law in 2001, during which the legislator has stressed the need to put the tools into place to evaluate management approaches. The article addresses this topic by presenting the development of a method for evaluating the dynamic management of the coast. This method, taking support on different dimensions of integration, is used by the integrated management of the coastal zones. Thus, the six indicators that characterize it provide information on (i) the multi-purpose approach, (ii) the inter-institutional coordination, (iii) the proper use of knowledge, (iv) the multi-scale approach, (v) the stakeholder participation, and (vi) the taking into account of sustainability. Hence, the methodology approach was adopted and tested in five sites of the Mediterranean French coast, with five groups of stakeholders representing (i) the services of the State, (ii) the local administrations, (iii) the professionals from the private sector, (iv) the civil society and (v) the scientific experts. Besides the results, this article focuses on the methods to develop and implement such approach and discusses its advantages and limits of application regarding a possible generalization to other cases on the coast. Keywords: ICZM; Indicators; Environmental Assessment; Group of Stakeholders.