Audio Reversible Watermarking Scheme in the intDCT Domain with Modified Prediction Error Expansion

Alejandra Menendez-Ortiz, C. F. Uribe, José Juan García-Hernández
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Reversible watermarking schemes (RWS) allow the restoration of the original signals after the watermarks are extracted. Most RWS for audio signals use time-domain for information hiding, although their transparency is hard to maintain for high embedding capacities. Some audio RWS use the frequency domain to improve transparency; however, their embedding capacity is lower than that of time-domain schemes. In this manuscript a RWS for audio signals is proposed, it differs from other schemes that work with the intDCT domain in the use of auditory masking properties, which are exploited to improve transparency, and the increase on embedding capacity is explored through a modified prediction error expansion (PEE). The payload capacity is 27.5 kbps with a degradation over -2 ODG, which are adequate results for practical audio applications. A generalized multi-bit expansion is proposed and experimental results suggest that higher expansion factors improve transparency.
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基于改进预测误差扩展的intDCT域音频可逆水印方案
可逆水印方案(RWS)允许在提取水印后恢复原始信号。大多数音频信号的RWS使用时域进行信息隐藏,但由于嵌入容量大,其透明度难以保持。一些音频RWS使用频域来提高透明度;但是,它们的嵌入能力低于时域格式。在本文中,提出了音频信号的RWS,它与使用intDCT域的其他方案不同,它利用听觉掩蔽特性来提高透明度,并通过改进的预测误差扩展(PEE)来探索嵌入容量的增加。负载容量为27.5 kbps,衰减超过-2 ODG,对于实际音频应用来说已经足够了。提出了一种广义的多比特扩展方法,实验结果表明,更高的扩展系数可以提高透明度。
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