Discrimination

Daniel J. Nelson
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

...one component, B, of the Phaneron may be quite unsupposable (at any rate, by any ordinary mind), without supposing the full and perfect presence of a certain other constituent, A; and yet it may be [that] A may be supposed to be present while B is present in widely varying degrees (or, perhaps sometimes is quite absent). In such a case, we not only get by prescission a concept of A unmixed with B, but we are able to recognize B as a constituent different from its constant and inseparable companion, A. For example, being able to imagine visual surfaces of various colors (or perhaps even colorless, as the boundary between media of widely different indices of refraction; but it is not necessary to resort to such phenomena) we come to recognize color as something quite different from visible superficies, notwithstanding the utter impossibility (for most people) of imagining color without superficial extension. I called this mode of analysis discrimination. It is highly important not to lose sight of it.
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歧视
...如果不假定有另一个组成部分a的充分和完备的存在,那么,对于任何一个普通的头脑来说,这种现象的一个组成部分B是完全不可能存在的;然而,当B在不同程度上存在(或者有时完全不存在)时,A可能被认为是存在的。在这种情况下,我们不仅能精确地得到a与B不混合的概念,而且我们还能把B看作是一个不同于它不变的、不可分割的伙伴a的组成部分。例如,能够想象各种颜色(甚至可能是无色的)的视觉表面,作为折射率差别很大的介质之间的边界;尽管(对大多数人来说)完全不可能想象出没有表面延伸的颜色,但我们最终认识到颜色是一种与可见的表面完全不同的东西。我称这种分析模式为歧视。不要忽视它是非常重要的。
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