Single-channel electromyography based on Arduino for analysis of the swing phase in normal gait

Abstract

This paper presents a thorough evaluation of a single-channel electromyography (EMG) signal acquisition board based on Arduino technology to characterize the swing phase of normal gait. A total register of 231 EMG signals corresponding to 11 lower limb muscles (7 right and 4 left) of 21 subjects was generated. For each record, the subject made a coordinated paused walk based on a sequence of audible tones to indicate each step. The maximum amplitude (MA) defined as the maximum value of the amplitude of the rectified and smoothed EMG signal corresponding to each of the swing sub-phases (initial, mid and terminal) were compared for the left and right limbs. The MA between swing sub-phases were also examined. Results show that the amplitudes obtained in each swing sub-phase of the gait records are coherent with the normal swing phase. These findings allow to recommend the use of the EMG acquisition prototype for studies addressed to the detection of motion intention.