Issues in Spousal Bereavement Support for Elderly Men in Japan

M. Yamauchi, Miwako Hirakawa
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Abstract

This study aimed to review the literature related to elderly men after spousal bereavement in Japan, to clarify the characteristics of grief and trends in life, and to gain insights into the support system and future research issues. Of 13 studies found, two were qualitative and 11 quantitative. Eight studies were conducted on general elderly adults, with a few results focusing on the grief work itself of elderly men at home. Elderly men after spousal bereavement tended to be unable to continue “interacting with neighbors and relatives” as they did before the death of their wives. Together with the “human relations of friends and others made before the death of their wives,” the way of involvement in maintaining these was through a support perspective. In addition, the elderly men desired more support for their “current situation” than “bereavement-related situations,” and their view of support was characterized by the “examination of timing” and “selection of contents” of specific support for solving real-life problems. Elderly men who had provided nursing care before bereavement had a high feeling of emptiness owing to the loss of their career role. As such, the main issues were pre-bereavement support and continuous support after bereavement. No research had focused on the stressors of spousal death, dementia, strength of family and community, and evaluation of support; as such, these areas merit future research.
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日本老年男性配偶丧亲赡养问题研究
本研究旨在回顾日本老年男性丧偶后的相关文献,厘清其悲伤特征和生活趋势,并对其支持体系和未来研究问题有所了解。在发现的13项研究中,2项是定性研究,11项是定量研究。本研究共对普通老年人进行了8项研究,其中少数研究结果集中在老年人在家中的悲伤工作本身。失去配偶后的老年男子往往无法像妻子去世前那样继续“与邻居和亲戚交往”。与“在妻子去世前建立的朋友和其他人的人际关系”一起,参与维持这些关系的方式是通过支持的角度。此外,老年男性对“现状”的支持需求大于对“丧亲相关情况”的支持需求,其支持观以解决现实问题的具体支持“考察时机”和“选择内容”为特征。在丧亲之前提供护理的老年男性由于失去职业角色而产生高度的空虚感。因此,主要问题是丧亲前的支持和丧亲后的持续支持。没有研究关注配偶死亡、痴呆、家庭和社区力量以及支持评估的压力源;因此,这些领域值得未来的研究。
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