Public health in Moscow in the context of the sustainable development goal “Good health and well-being”

N. Grechushkina
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Abstract

Introduction. Management of public health requires a preliminary assessment of its current state and trends. The system of sustainable development goals offers a universal tool for evaluation of the progress in public health as a set of indicators, which characterize the fulfillment of specific objectives of the third goal (SDG 3). Using of this tool is particularly relevant for assessing the situation in 2020 that can be marked as the “era” of COVID-19. Objective. To assess the status and trends of public health in Moscow according to a number of key indicators of SDG 3 to characterize changes that occurred in 2020 during COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. The main method was the analysis of data taken from open sources of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation. Results. The key indicators, used as the criteria for assessing the achievement of SDG 3, at Moscow level have been analyzed. In 2020 compared with 2019, the following positive trends are noted: mortality of newborns and young children, acute viral hepatitis B morbidity, mortality from malignant neoplasms, suicides and road traffic injuries decreased. The negative dynamics are associated with a slight increase in mortality from circulatory and respiratory diseases. Conclusion. The COVID-19 pandemic has taken its toll on Moscow's public health. However, positive trends in many of the SDG 3 indicators demonstrate the city's strong position and potential to achieve “good health and well-being”.
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莫斯科在可持续发展目标"良好健康和福祉"背景下的公共卫生
介绍。公共卫生管理需要对其现状和趋势进行初步评估。可持续发展目标体系作为一套指标,为评估公共卫生进展提供了一个通用工具,这些指标体现了第三个目标(可持续发展目标3)具体目标的实现情况。使用这一工具对于评估2020年(可标记为2019冠状病毒病“时代”)的形势尤为重要。目标。根据可持续发展目标3的一些关键指标评估莫斯科公共卫生状况和趋势,以描述2020年2019冠状病毒病大流行期间发生的变化。材料和方法。主要方法是分析从俄罗斯联邦国家统计局的公开来源取得的数据。结果。在莫斯科一级,作为评估可持续发展目标3实现情况的标准的关键指标进行了分析。与2019年相比,2020年出现以下积极趋势:新生儿和幼儿死亡率、急性乙型病毒性肝炎发病率、恶性肿瘤死亡率、自杀和道路交通伤害死亡率下降。消极的动态与循环系统和呼吸系统疾病死亡率的轻微增加有关。结论。2019冠状病毒病大流行对莫斯科的公共卫生造成了损害。然而,许多可持续发展目标3指标的积极趋势表明,该市在实现“良好健康和福祉”方面具有强大的地位和潜力。
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