COMPOSIÇÃO FLORÍSTICA E FITOSSOCIOLÓGIA EM UMA ÁREA DE MANEJO FLORESTAL NA FLORESTA NACIONAL DO TAPAJÓS, BELTERRA PARÁ

Abstract

Over the years, great importance has been attached to tropical forests, especially for their natural, social and economic resources, due to the fact that they are considered distinct regions of vegetation. The objective of the present work was to study the horizontal structure, spatial distribution and forest composition in the Tapajós National Forest in a forest management area in the municipality of Belterra Pará. This study was carried out in the Amambé Forest Management Area (AMF). Tapajós National Forest. The climate of the region is Ami, according to the Köppen classification, with an average annual temperature of 25.5 ° C. The data from this study came from a 100% inventory conducted by COOMFLONA (Flona de Tapajós Mixed Cooperative). Diversity was calculated using Shannon index (H '), and uniformity through Pielou (J) equability. Regarding the horizontal structure, the following parameters were considered for each species: Absolute Density (AD) and Relative Density (DR); Absolute Dominance (DoA) and Relative Dominance (DoR); Absolute Frequency (FA), Relative Frequency (RF) and Value Importance Index (IVI). For spatial distribution the Payandeh index (1970). The study area had a size of 1,723.70 ha, which identified 20,561 individuals (11,23 ind.ha) distributed in 31 families and 100 different species. The botanical families that presented the largest number of individuals were Sapotaceae (5,624), Fabaceae (4,841) and Lecythidaceae (3,708). Regarding species richness, the families with the largest representation were Fabaceae (37), Lauraceae (7), Moraceae (5) and Sapotaceae (5). The most abundant species in the area, in descending order, were: Manilkara huberi (Ducke) A. Chev (maçaranduba), Couratari guianensis Aubl (Tauari) and Pouteria bilocularis (H.Winkl.) Baehni (guava). In this context, the area presented a Shannon Wiener Index (H ') of 3.65 and Pielou (J) equability of 0.79. The study area showed a growing number of individuals in diameter class centers (CCDAP) from 45 cm to 95 cm, not following the “inverted j” pattern common in unequal forests. Regarding volume, the area presented 69, 54 m3.ha, according to the spatial distribution by the Payandeh (Pi) index. 84% of the species presented aggregate distribution, 10% clustering tendency and 6% random. From these data we can infer that the area has high species diversity and well distributed. In addition, it has stock for potential forest exploitation.