ß-catenin expression in myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative neoplasms in bone marrow, in relation to CD34 and CD117 status

Abstract

Aims: The activation of the Wnt/ ß-catenin signaling pathway has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in the development of myeloid neoplasms. In addition to CD34, which has been used until now in the diagnosis and staging of clonal hematopoietic diseases, Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) and Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN), CD117, which has found its place in hematopoietic diseases, also provides significant benefits in these respects. In this study, we evaluated the immunohistochemical presence and utility of ß-catenin in blasts relative to other markers, as the inhibition of ß-catenin activity may be an attractive therapeutic approach Methods: By retrospectively analyzing bone marrow samples with ß-catenin immune marker, we determined the staining rates, intensities, and patterns of 30 MDS, 29 MPN cases and 30 normal bone marrow controls, in comparison to the efficacy of the the well-known CD34 and CD117. We statistically interpreted the correlation between them. Results: Based on the findings, ß-catenin, which has recently been used in hematopoietic diseases and is said to have a high efficacy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases, was not immunohistochemically detectable in our study. As expected, CD34 and CD117 immun markers exhibited significant blast staining. MPN cases were more prone to staining with CD117. Conclusion: CD34 continues to be the most reliable marker for identifying blasts for diagnosing and grading bone marrow neoplasms while CD117 may have a supportive role in this process. Further investigation is required to ascertain the true effectiveness of ß-catenin, a molecule that has demonstrated encouraging potential in the context of AML.