Frequency of ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most frequent metabolic disease encountered in India. One of the most fearful complications associated with T2DM is acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In contrast to the non-T2DM patients T2DM patients presents with atypical clinical picture and has a worse prognosis. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a very important tool used to diagnose ACS. The ST-segment elevation (STEMI) pattern in ECG is associated with a significant and prolonged occlusion of the coronary arteries. The aim of this pilot project was to highlight the difference in ECG presentation between T2DM patients and their non-T2DM counterparts (if any). Relevant data was collected from 29 consecutive patients presenting with AMI in the cardiac care center in Nightingale hospital, Kolkata, India, after procuring their informed consent. The data was analyzed using the presence or absence of STEMI as the categorical output and its association with T2DM status as the input. The association was assessed using chi-square statistics. Jupyter notebook was used to perform the statistical analysis. The mean age of the selected population was 61.2 years with a mean blood pressure (BP) of 136/77 mm of Hg. There was a significant association between T2DM and STEMI (P=0.02), as assessed by chi-square statistics. In this small cohort from Kolkata, T2DM was significantly associated with an ECG presentation of STEMI in patients with AMI.