The Impact of Trade and Transport Services on the Environment in Africa

A. Longe, Olawunmi Omitogun, Oluwole Oluniyi Adelokun, E. Adebayo, Shehu Muhammad
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Abstract This study investigates the impact of trade and transport services on the environment in Africa. Secondary data for 21 countries spanning 2000 and 2014 were used and analysed using POLS, FE, RE and PMG. These techniques revealed diverse results. The Hausman test was used to decide between FE and RE in the study. The Hausman test accepts the FE result due to it 5% significant result. The POLS reveal that trade and economic growth reduces degradation in Africa, while transport services in the export and import sector and energy consumption increases degradation. Notably from the FE result, trade, energy consumption and economic growth showed a positive impact on environmental degradation in Africa, while transport services in the import and export sector reduces environmental degradation. For the PMG result, findings show that in the long-run, trade, transport services (export and import), energy consumption, and economic growth increase degradation in Africa. This implies as these activities increases in the long run, there are no measure to ensure environmental quality. In the short-run, trade and transport services in the import sector reduce degradation as many of the importation is dominated by improved technology products, while transport services in the export sector, energy consumption and economic growth positively impact on environmental degradation in Africa. The study concludes a mixed effect of trade and transport services on the environment in Africa. A major recommendation is that more energy efficient technologies should be used in Africa to meet the sustainable environment goal and this can be done by reviewing trade policy to encourage inflow of improved technology into the economies.
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贸易和运输服务对非洲环境的影响
摘要本研究探讨了贸易和运输服务对非洲环境的影响。使用POLS、FE、RE和PMG对2000年至2014年间21个国家的二手数据进行了分析。这些技术揭示了不同的结果。在研究中采用Hausman检验来确定FE和RE。Hausman测试接受FE结果,因为它有5%的显著性结果。POLS显示,贸易和经济增长减少了非洲的退化,而进出口部门的运输服务和能源消费则加剧了退化。值得注意的是,从环境评估结果来看,贸易、能源消费和经济增长对非洲的环境退化产生了积极影响,而进出口部门的运输服务则减少了环境退化。对于PMG的结果,研究结果表明,从长期来看,贸易、运输服务(出口和进口)、能源消耗和经济增长加剧了非洲的退化。这意味着,随着这些活动的长期增加,没有措施来确保环境质量。在短期内,进口部门的贸易和运输服务减少了退化,因为许多进口以改进的技术产品为主,而出口部门的运输服务、能源消费和经济增长对非洲的环境退化产生积极影响。该研究得出结论,贸易和运输服务对非洲环境的影响是混合的。一项主要建议是,应在非洲使用更节能的技术,以实现可持续的环境目标,这可以通过审查贸易政策来实现,以鼓励改进的技术流入各经济体。
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