Large molecules as anti-adhesive compounds against pathogens.

N. Wittschier, C. Lengsfeld, S. Vorthems, U. Stratmann, J. Ernst, E. Verspohl, A. Hensel
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引用次数: 46

Abstract

Anti-adhesive compounds are potential prophylactic tools in alternative treatment regimes against bacterial infection, as bacterial adhesion is commonly mediated by carbohydrate-protein interactions between surface adhesions of microorganisms and the host cell. The use of exogenous polyvalent, high-molecular carbohydrates and tannin-like plant-derived compounds should antagonize the adhesive interaction. A range of carbohydrates and carbohydrate- and proanthocyanidin-enriched plant extracts were screened for potential anti-adhesive effects against Helicobacter pylori, Campylobacter jejuni, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans in different in-situ assays on primary tissue. The adhesion of H. pylori on human stomach tissue was effectively blocked by glucuronic acid-enriched polysaccharides from immature okra fruits (Abelmoschus esculentus). These compounds also had strong in-vitro effects against C. jejuni (inhibition up to 80%), but were ineffective in an in-vivo study in infected chicken broilers due to metabolism in the gastrointestinal system. Polysaccharides from Glycyrrhizia glabra, also enriched with glucuronic acid, showed strong anti-adhesive properties against H. pylori and P. gingivalis (inhibition 60-70%). Pelargonium sidoides extract, containing mainly polymeric proanthocyanidins, was effective against H. pylori in a dose-dependent manner. Due to the multifunctional adhesive strategy of C. albicans, no effective compounds were detected against this yeast. Structure-activity relationships are presented and the potential in-vivo use of carbohydrate-based anti-adhesives is discussed.
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大分子作为抗粘附化合物对抗病原体。
抗黏附化合物是针对细菌感染的替代治疗方案中潜在的预防性工具,因为细菌黏附通常是由微生物与宿主细胞表面黏附之间的碳水化合物-蛋白质相互作用介导的。使用外源的多价高分子碳水化合物和单宁类植物源化合物可以拮抗粘附相互作用。通过不同的原位测定,筛选了一系列碳水化合物和富含碳水化合物和原花青素的植物提取物对幽门螺杆菌、空肠弯曲杆菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌和白色念珠菌的潜在抗粘附作用。从秋葵果实中提取的富含葡萄糖醛酸的多糖可有效阻断幽门螺杆菌对人胃组织的粘附。这些化合物在体外对空肠梭菌也有很强的抑制作用(抑制率高达80%),但在受感染的肉鸡体内研究中,由于胃肠道系统的代谢,这些化合物无效。甘草多糖也富含葡萄糖醛酸,对幽门螺杆菌和牙龈卟啉卟啉具有较强的抗粘附作用(抑制率为60-70%)。天竺葵提取物对幽门螺杆菌具有一定的抗幽门螺杆菌作用,其主要成分为高分子原花青素。由于白色念珠菌的多功能粘附策略,没有检测到有效的化合物。提出了结构-活性关系,并讨论了碳水化合物基抗粘连剂在体内的潜在应用。
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