Multi-beam Symbol-Level Precoding in Directional Modulation Based on Frequency Diverse Array

Abstract

In this paper, an efficient multi-beam transmission scheme that uses symbol-level precoding based on frequency diverse array (FDA) is proposed to enhance the physical layer security (PLS). Unlike the usual maximization of secrecy rate, we assume that the position information of passive eavesdropper (Eve) is not available at transmitter, which is a more realistic assumption. We use a minimum transmission message power criterion to design the precoder, subject to constraint on received signals at symbol level for per legitimate user (LU). This guarantees the valid reception of LUs to obtain the corresponding symbols under transmission messages power minimization. Then, after accurate calculation of the transmission message power, the remaining power can be allocated to artificial noise (AN), which deteriorates the quality of received signals at other regions. Numerical simulations show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed scheme.