Hydrobiological characteristics of Ganga River at Barrage Bijnor, (Uttar Pradesh), India

Abstract

Biodiversity is the variety of life on the Earth, it includes all organism’s species, and populations. The present study reports hydrobiology and occurrences of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the Ganga river barrage at Bijnor Uttar Pradesh. Samples were monitored for 5 major OCPs, including hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), Aldrin group, and DDTs. The hydrochemical characterization evaluates the quality of water for irrigation purpose. The outcomes analyze the pH of water, Total Dissolve Solids (TDS) values extending from 115 to 676 mg/L, averaging 271 mg/L. Anion and cation concentration (mg/L) were HCO3 >SO42->Cl->CO32anions and Ca2+>Na+>Mg2+>K+ cations. Maximum hydro chemicals were in the form of bicarbonates Ca–HCO3 type. The characterization was different from upper and downstream of the main stream. Analysis shows variations at different sites and seasons thus affecting the habitat, growth, reproduction and migration of aquatic flora and fauna. The quality of water is suitable at a particular season for bathing and irrigation purposes at Ganga Barrage, Bijnor Uttar Pradesh. Bijnor Ganga Barrage fauna is facing the threats of categories like variation in nutrient enrichment, hydro-logical modifications, chemo geodiversity, habitat loss, degradation, and pollution, dominancy of invasive species, extreme flood and draught.