Nutritional and eating disorders: Clinical impact and considerations during anesthesia procedures

A. Kulshrestha, Sukhminder Jit Bajwa
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Abstract

An increasing proportion of patients coming for anesthesia and surgery have some form of nutritional deficiency disorder which can have extremely variable presentation ranging from anorexia nervosa to obesity. All these nutritional disorders produce various pathophysiological changes in cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, endocrine, and immune systems, which make these patients highly susceptible to various anesthetic complications. The serious biochemical alterations and interaction of anesthetic drugs with various psychiatric drugs used for treatment of psychiatric nutritional disorders should also be kept in mind while anesthetizing such patients. A careful preoperative planning and optimization of general condition of these patients is mandatory to prevent any catastrophe. The importance of intense perioperative and postoperative monitoring cannot be underestimated in preventing any untoward incident during this period.
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营养和饮食失调:麻醉过程中的临床影响和注意事项
越来越多的接受麻醉和手术的患者患有某种形式的营养缺乏症,其表现形式从神经性厌食症到肥胖,变化多端。这些营养失调在心血管、呼吸、肾脏、内分泌和免疫系统等方面产生各种病理生理变化,使这些患者极易发生各种麻醉并发症。在麻醉这类患者时,还应注意麻醉药物与用于治疗精神营养障碍的各种精神药物的严重生化改变和相互作用。仔细的术前规划和优化这些患者的一般情况是强制性的,以防止任何灾难。在此期间,严密的围手术期和术后监测对于预防任何不良事件的重要性不可低估。
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